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          CentOS 6.3安装
        
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        <span class="post-time">
          2017-08-02
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              <a href="/categories/Linux/">Linux</a>
            
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    <div class="post-content">
      
        <p>附：<a href="http://www.centoscn.com/CentosSoft/iso/2013/0720/370.html" target="_blank" rel="external">CentOS 6.3下载地址</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p>安装注意事项：</p>
</blockquote>
<ol>
<li>CentOS 6.3系统镜像有两个，安装系统只用到第一个镜像即<strong>CentOS-6.3-i386-bin-DVD1.iso（32位）</strong>或者<strong>CentOS-6.3-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso（64位）</strong>,第二个镜像是系统自带软件安装包</li>
<li>安装CentOS 6.3系统的计算机<strong>内存必须等于或者大于628M（最小内存628M）</strong>，才能启用图形安装模式</li>
<li>CentOS 6.3文本安装模式不支持自定义分区，建议使用图形安装模式安装</li>
<li>CentOS 6.3的系统安装方式分为：<strong>图形安装模式</strong>和<strong>文本安装模式</strong></li>
<li>CentOS 6.3的系统运行方式分为：<strong>带图形界面、可以用鼠标操作的图形化方式</strong>和<strong>不带图形界面、直接用命令行操作的文本方式</strong>（具体的系统运行方式，可以在系统安装的过程中自定义选择）</li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<p>用系统安装盘成功引导之后，出现如下界面：</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307223818.png" alt=""></p>
<ul>
<li>Install or upgrade an existing system [ 安装或升级现有的系统 ]</li>
<li>install system with basic video driver [ 安装过程中采用 基本的显卡驱动 ]</li>
<li>Rescue installed system [ 进入系统修复模式 ]</li>
<li>Boot from local drive [ 退出安装从硬盘启动 ]</li>
<li>Memory test [ 内存检测 ]<a id="more"></a>
<blockquote>
<p>这里选择第一项，安装或升级现有的系统，回车。<br>出现是否对CD媒体进行测试的提问，这里选择“Skip”跳过测试。</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307224402.png" alt=""></p>
<blockquote>
<p>在一路配置语言、键盘、时区设置之后，注意一下空间划分。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307224821.png" alt=""></p>
<blockquote>
<p>合理空间的划分关系到服务器性能和扩展，这里我选择<strong>创建自定义布局</strong>。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>分区的注意事项</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>图形化安装注意内存大小（推荐1G及以上）</li>
<li>分区类型<ul>
<li><strong>主分区</strong>：最多<strong>4</strong>个，可以拿1个当做扩展分区。</li>
<li><strong>扩展分区</strong>：最多<strong>1</strong>个，只能用来包含逻辑分区，扩展分区加主分区最多4个。</li>
<li><strong>逻辑分区</strong>：分区数超过3个后（包括4个），自动出现在扩展分区里的描述分区。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>格式化（写入文件系统）<ul>
<li>Windows：<code>fat16</code> <code>fat32</code> <code>ntfs</code></li>
<li>Linux：<code>ext2</code> <code>ext3</code> <code>ext4</code></li>
<li>越新的文件系统，支持硬盘分区大小更大，单文件更大，读写速度更快，数据更安全</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Linux分区表示（设备名）<ul>
<li>/dev/hda1    hd:IDE硬盘 sd:SCSI,STAT硬盘 a:第一块硬盘 1：第一个分区</li>
<li>/dev/sda1 第一块SCSI硬盘第一个主分区</li>
<li>/dev/sdc5 第三块SCSI硬盘第一个逻辑分区</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307230049.png" alt=""></p>
<p><strong>硬件设备文件名</strong></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>硬件</th>
<th>设备文件名</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>IDE硬盘</td>
<td>/dev/hd[a-d]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SCSI/SATA/USB硬盘</td>
<td>/dev/sd[a-p]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>光驱</td>
<td>/dev/cdrom或/dev/sr0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>软盘</td>
<td>/dev/fd[0-1]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>打印机（25针）</td>
<td>/dev/lp[0-2]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>打印机（USB）</td>
<td>/dev/usb/lp[0-15]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>鼠标</td>
<td>/dev/mouse</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<blockquote>
<p>以下是我的分区情况：</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307233101.png" alt=""></p>
<p><strong>注意事项</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>必须分区<ul>
<li><code>/</code> 根分区必须单独分，越大越好。这里我选择了<strong>使用全部可用空间</strong></li>
<li><code>swap分区</code> 交换分区（虚拟内存），注意是在<strong>文件系统类型</strong>中选择，Linux内存2倍，不要大于2GB</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>推荐分区<ul>
<li><code>/boot</code> 启动分区</li>
<li><code>/home</code> 家目录类似我的文档</li>
<li><code>/www</code> 网页程序空间</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>分区完毕后选择 <strong>格式化</strong> -&gt; <strong>将修改写入磁盘</strong> -&gt; <strong>下一步</strong> 确认引导。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307233932.png" alt=""></p>
<p>默认是：<code>Minimal</code>(最小)<br>如果是初次学习，建议选择：<code>Desktop</code> (桌面版)<br>如果是用作正式服务器，建议选择：<code>Minimal</code>(最小)</p>
<ul>
<li><code>Desktop</code>：基本的桌面系统，包括常用的桌面软件，如文档查看工具。</li>
<li><code>Minimal Desktop</code>：基本的桌面系统，包含的软件更少。</li>
<li><code>Minimal</code>：基本的系统，不含有任何可选的软件包。</li>
<li><code>Basic Server</code>：安装的基本系统的平台支持，不包含桌面。</li>
<li><code>Database Server</code>：基本系统平台，加上MySQL和PostgreSQL数据库，无桌面。</li>
<li><code>Web Server</code>：基本系统平台，加上PHP，Web server，还有MySQL和PostgreSQL数据库的客户端，无桌面。</li>
<li><code>Virtual Host</code>：基本系统加虚拟平台。</li>
<li><code>Software Development Workstation</code>：包含软件包较多，基本系统，虚拟化平台，桌面环境，开发工具。</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>这里我选择<code>Basic Server</code>，安装Linux基本是用来构建服务器的，所以基本上选择<code>Basic Server</code>就OK了。如果有特殊要求可以选择<strong>自定义</strong>，没有的话就直接开始安装我们的<code>CentOS</code>啦！</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307235008.png" alt=""></p>
<blockquote>
<p>大约十分钟左右就能安装完毕！装完后会让你<strong>重新引导</strong>。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307235704.png" alt=""></p>
<blockquote>
<p>重启后便可登录我们的用户，敬请探索Linux的世界！</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/QQ截图20170307235933.png" alt=""></p>

      
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      <span>原文作者: </span>
      <a href="https://veris.gitee.io">Veris</a>
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    <p class="copyright-item">
      <span>原文链接: </span>
      <a href="https://veris.gitee.io/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/">https://veris.gitee.io/2017/08/02/CentOS-6-3安装/</a>
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    <p class="copyright-item">
      <span>许可协议: </span>
      
      <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0 国际许可协议</a>
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